19th Century Inventions

Humanity's fast ride from Bull Carts days to Automobiles and Kerosene Lamp nights to Electric Light.

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1800

• Frenchmen, J.M. Jacquard invents the Jacquard Loom.
• Count Alessandro Volta invents the Battery. Italian.
• French, Robert Fulton, Submarine. 
  

1804

• Freidrich Winzer (Winsor) was the first person to patent Gas Lighting. British. 
  
• Richard Trevithick, an English mining engineer, developed the firststeam-powered locomotive (Train Engine). Unfortunately, the machine was too heavy and broke the very rails it was traveling on. 
  

1809

• Humphry Davy invents the first Electric Light - the first arc lamp. British. 
  

1810

• German, Frederick Koenig invents an improved printing press.
• Peter Durand invents the tin can. British. 
  

1814

• George Stephenson designs the first steam locomotive (Train & Steamship Engine). American. 
  
• The first plastic surgery is performed in England.
• German, Joseph von Fraunhofer invents the spectrocope for the chemical analysis of glowing objects.
• Joseph Nicéphore Niépce was the first person to take aphotograph. He took the picture by setting up a machine called the camera obscura in the window of his home in France. It took eight hours for the camera to take the picture.French. 
  

1815

• British, Humphry Davy invents the miner's lamp. 
  

1819

• American Samuel Fahnestock patents a soda fountain.
• French, René Laënnec invents the stethoscope.

1823

• Mackintosh (raincoat) invented by Charles Mackintosh of Scotland.

1824

• Michael Faraday invents the first toy Balloon. British. 
  
• Englishmen, Joseph Aspdin patents Portland cement.

1825

• William Sturgeon invented the electromagnet. British. 
  

1827

• John Walker invents modern Matches.British. 
  
• Charles Wheatstone was the first person to coin the phrasemicrophone. English. 
  

1829

• American, W.A. Burt invents a Typewriter.
• Frenchmen, Louis Braille invents braille printing for the blind. William Austin Burt patents a typographer, a predecessor to the typewriter.

1830

• Frenchmen, Barthelemy Thimonnier invents a Sewing Machine.

1831

• American, Cyrus McCormick invents the first commercially successful Reaper.
• Michael Faraday invents a Electric Dynamo. British. 
  

1832

• The first patented Stereoscope was invented by Charles Wheatstone in 1832 and patented in 1838. British. 
  

  1834

• Henry Blair patents a corn planter, he is the second black person to receive a U.S. patent.
• Jacob Perkins invents an early refrigerator type device - an ether ice machine. American. 
  

1835

• Englishmen, Henry Talbot invents calotype photography.
• Solymon Merrick patents the wrench. American.
  
• Englishmen, Francis Pettit Smith invents the Propeller.
• Charles Babbage, Father of Computer, invents a Mechanical Calculator.British, 
  

1836

• British Born American, Francis Pettit Smith and John Ericcson (Sweden Born American) co-invent the Propeller.
• Samuel Colt invented the first Revolver. American.
  

1837

• Samuel Morse invents the Telegraph. American. 
  
• English schoolmaster, Rowland Hill invents the Postage Stamp.

1838

• Samual Morse invents Morse Code..American. 
  

I839

• American, Thaddeus Fairbanks invents Platform Scales.
• American, Charles Goodyear invents rubber Vulcanization.
• Frenchmen, Louis Daguerre and J.N. Niepce co-inventDaguerreotype photography.
• Kirkpatrick Macmillan invents a Bicycle. Scotland, Britain. 
  
• Welshmen, Sir William Robert Grove conceives of the firsthydrogen fuel cell.. Great Britain. 
  

1840

• Englishmen, John Herschel invents the Blueprint.

1841

• American, Samuel Slocum patents the Stapler.

1842

• American, Joseph Dart builds the first grain elevator.

1843

• Alexander Bain of Scotland, invents the Facsimile.

1844

• Englishmen, John Mercer invents mercerized cotton.

1845

• American, Elias Howe invents a sewing machine.
• Scottish, Robert William Thomson patents the first vulcanised rubberPneumatic Tire.

1846

• Dr. William Morton, a Massachusetts, USA dentist, is the first to useAnesthesia for tooth extraction.

1847

• Hungarian, Ignaz Semmelweis invents antiseptics.
• The soft lead Minié ball was first introduced in 1847 by Claude-Étienne Minié, a captain in the French Army.

1848

• American, Waldo Hanchett patents the dental chair.

1849

• Walter Hunt invents the Safety Pin. American. 
  

1850

• American, Joel Houghton was granted the first patent for aDishwasher.

1851

• American, Isaac Singer invents a sewing machine.

1852

• Jean Bernard Léon Foucault invents Gyroscope. French. 
  
• French, Henri Giffard builds an airship powered by the first Aircraft Engine - an unsuccessful design.

1853

• George Cayley invents a manned Glider. American. 
  

1854

• Irish, British, John Tyndall demonstrates the principles of Fiber Optics.

1855

• American, Isaac Singer patents the sewing machine motor.
• Swiss, Georges Audemars invents Rayon.

1856

• Louis Pasteur invents Pasteurization.French. 
  

1857

• George Pullman invents the Pullman Sleeping Car for train travel.American. 
  

1858

• American, Hamilton Smith patents the rotary Washing Machine.
• Jean Lenoir invents an internal Combustion Engine. Belgian born in Luxembourg, emigrated to France. 
  

1861

• American, Elisha Otis patents Elevator Safety Brakes, creating a safer elevator.
• French, Pierre Michaux invents a bicycle.
• American, Linus Yale invents the Yale lock or cylinder lock.

1862

• British, Alexander Parkes invents the first man-made Plastic.
• American, W. E. Metford invents a practical Bullet. 
  
• American, Rich Gatling patents, the Machine Gun. 
  

1866

• Swedish, Alfred Nobel invents Dynamite.
• American, J. Osterhoudt patents the tin can with a key opener.
• Englishmen Robert Whitehead invents a Torpedo.

  1867

• American, Christopher Scholes invents the first practical and moderntypewriter.

1868

• George Westinghouse invents air brakes. American. 
  
• British, Robert Mushet invents Tungsten Steel.
• British, J P Knight invents Traffic Lights.

1872

• Canadian American, J.S. Risdon patents the Metal Windmill.
• American, A.M. Ward issues the first mail-order catalog.
• American Black, T Marshall, Fire Extinguisher. 
  

1873

• American, Joseph Glidden invents Barbed Wire.

1874

• American, C. Goodyear, Jr. invents the shoe welt stitcher. 1875

1875

American Black, A P Ashbourne, Biscuit Cutter. 

1876

• American, Alexander Graham Bell patents the Telephone.
• Nicolaus August Otto invents the first practical four-stroke internal combustion engine.German. 
  
• American, Melville Bissell patents the Carpet Sweeper.

1877

• Thomas Edison invents the cylinder phonograph or tin Foil Phonograph. American. 
  
• Eadweard Muybridge invents the first Moving Pictures.American. 
  

1878

• Sir Joseph Wilson Swan was the first person to invent a practical and longer-lasting electric light-bulb. English
• American Black, J B Winters, Fire Escape Ladder. .

1880

• The British Perforated Paper Company invents a form of toilet paper.
• Englishmen, John Milne invents the modern Seismograph.

1881

• American, Alexander Graham Bell invents the first crude Metal Detector.
• American, David Houston patents the roll film for cameras.
• American, Edward Leveaux patents the automatic player piano.
• American Black, Latimer Nichols, Electric Lamp. 
  

1884

• George Eastman patents paper-strip photographic film. American. 
  
• Frenchmen, H. de Chardonnet invents rayon.
• Lewis Edson Waterman invents the first practical Fountain Pen. American. 
  
• James Ritty invents the first working, mechanical Cash Register.American. 
  
• British, Charles Parson patents the Steam Turbine.

1885

• Harim Maxim invents the Machine Gun. American. 
  
• Karl Benz invents the first practical Automobile to be powered by an internal-combustion engine. German. 
  
• Gottlieb Daimler invents the first gas-engined Motorcycle. German. 

1886

• Josephine Cochrane invents the Dishwasher. American. 
  
• Gottlieb Daimler builds the world's first four-wheeled motor vehicle. German. 
  
• John Pemberton invents Coca Cola. American. 
  

1887

• German, Heinrich Hertz invents Radar.
• American, Rowell Hodge patents barbed wire.
• Emile Berliner invents the Gramophone. Germany born American. 
  
• Germans, F.E. Muller and Adolph Fick invent the first wearableContact Lenses.
• American Black, Alexander Miles, Elevator. 
  

1888

• American, Marvin Stone patents the spiral winding process to manufacture the first paper drinking straws.
• John Boyd Dunlop patents a commercially successful pneumatic tire.Scottish, British. 
  
• Nikola Tesla invents the AC Motor and Transformer. American Croat born in Yugoslavia. 
  

1889

• American, Joshua Pusey invents the matchbook.
• Sir James Dewar and Sir Frederick Abel co-invent Cordite - a type of smokeless gunpowder. British. 

1890 

American Black, H H Reynolds, Bridge Safety Gauges. 

1891

• Jesse W. Reno invents the Escalator. American. 

1892

• Rudolf Diesel invents the Diesel-fueled internal combustion Engine. German. 
  
• Sir James Dewar invents the Dewar flask or Vacuum Flask. British. 
• American Black, G T Sampson, Clothes Dryer.
• American Black, S Boone, Ironing Board.  
• American Black, A J Beard, Rotary Engine. 
  

1893

• American, W.L. Judson invents the Zipper.
• Edward Goodrich Acheson invents carborundum. American. 
  
• American Black, E R Robinson, Electric Rail Trolly.

1894 

American Black, A C Richardson, Casket Lowering Device

1895

• Lumiere Brothers invent a portable motion-picture camera, film processing unit and projector called the Cinematographe. Lumiere Brothers using their Cinematographe are the first to present a projected Motion Picture to an audience of more that one person. French. 
  

1896

• American, H. O'Sullivan invents the rubber heel.
• American Black, Charles Brooks, Street Sweeper. 
  

1897

American Black, A L Cralle, Ice Cream Scooper. 

American Black, J W Smith, Lawn Sprinkler, 

1898

• Edwin Prescott patents the Roller Coaster.American. 
  
• Rudolf Diesel receives patent #608,845 for an "internal combustion engine" the Diesel engine. German
  
• American Blacks, James & Long, Bottle Caps. 
• American Black, Lydia Newman, Hair Brush. 
  

1899

• American Black, I.R. Johnson patents the bicycle frame.
• American Black, Granville Woods. Auto Cut Off Switch. 
• American Black, W H Richardson, Baby Buggy. 
• American Black, C Bailey, Folding Bed. 
• American Black, F B Jackson, Gas Burner (Furnace)
• American Black, J A Burr, Lawn Mower. 
  
• John Thurman patents the motor-driven Vacuum Cleaner.American. 
  

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Interesting Observations: 

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* Total Inventions.149. 

* 82 American or 55%, Inventors of 3 of them by people not born in USA. 

* Before 1834 only 4 Inventions out of 26 or 15% of the total. British 14 out of 26 or 54%. French 6 or 23%. 

* After 1833 American Dominance started in Inventing Field. 78 out 123 Inventions or 63% of the total. British 23 or 19%. French 9 or 7%, Germans 8 or 6.5%.

* Population 1800: World 907 million. USA 5.3 or 0.58%. 

* Population 1830: World 1.13 billion. USA 12.86 million or 1.12%. Inventions15% of whole world. .

* Population 1900: World 1.6 billion. USA 76 million or 4.7%. Inventions 63% of whole world.