Sachar Committee Report
Contents[hide] |
[edit]Main findings of the report
The entire Sachar Report is available for download at various websites.[1]
Some findings are as follows: A..Sachar committee has put a lot of analysis about the Indian Muslim with "statistical reports" based on information from government agencies, banks, Indian Minority Commission, different state governments and its agencies. The major points covered in the reports are:
- In the field of literacy the Committee has found that the rate among Muslims is very much below than the national average. The gap between Muslims and the general average is greater in urban areas and women. 25 per cent of children of Muslim parents in the 6-14 year age group have either never attended school or have dropped out.
- Muslim parents are not averse to mainstream education or to send their children to affordable Government schools. The access to government schools for children of Muslim parents is limited.
- Bidi workers, tailors and mechanics need to be provided with social safety nets and social security. The participation of Muslims in the professional and managerial cadre is low.
- The average amount of bank loan disbursed to the Muslims is 2/3 of the amount disbursed to other minorities. In some cases it is half. The Reserve Bank of India's efforts to extend banking and credit facilities under the Prime Minister's 15-point programme of 1983 has mainly benefited other minorities marginalizing Muslims.
- There is a clear and significant inverse association between the proportion of the Muslim population and the availability of educational infrastructure in small villages. Muslim concentration villages are not well served with pucca approach roads and local bus stops.
- Substantially larger proportion of the Muslim households in urban areas are in the less than Rs.500 expenditure bracket.
- The presence of Muslims has been found to be only 3% in the IAS, 1.8% in the IFS and 4% in the IPS.
- Muslim community has a representation of only 4.5% in Indian Railways while 98.7% of them are positioned at lower levels. Representation of Muslims is very low in the Universities and in Banks. Their share in police constables is only 6%, in health 4.4%, in transport 6.5%.
- For the Maulana Azad Education Foundation to be effective the corpus fund needs to be increased to 1000 crores. Total allocation in the four years 2002 to 2006 for Madarsa Modernization Scheme is 106 crores. The information regarding the Scheme has not adequately percolated down. Even if the share of Muslims in elected bodies is low they and other under represented segments can be involved in the decision making process through innovative mechanisms.
- Most of the variables indicate that Muslim-OBCs are significantly deprived in comparison to Hindu-OBCs. The work participation rate (WPR) shows the presence of a sharp difference between Hindu-OBCs (67%) and the Muslims. The share of Muslim-OBCs in government/ PSU jobs is much lower than Hindu-OBCs.
- There are about 5 lakh registered Wakfs with 600,000 acres (2,400 km²) land and Rs 6,000 crore book value.[2]
[edit]Removal of common stereotypes
The Sachar committee report helped in a big way to remove common stereotypes. Some of these important findings were:
- Only four per cent of Muslims students actually go to madrassas primarily because primary state schools do not exist for miles. Therefore, the idea that Muslims prefer madrassa education was found to be not true.[3]
- That there is "substantial demand from the community for fertility regulation and for modern contraceptives" and over 20 million couples are already using contraceptives. "Muslim population growth has slowed down as fertility has declined substantially". This does away with the concern that Muslim population growth would be able to outnumber Hindus or change the religious demography in any meaningful way.[4]
- That Muslims wherever spoken to complained of suffering the twin calumnies of being dubbed "anti-national" and of being "appeased". However, the Indian Muslim community as a whole had never indulged in anti-national activities and the conditions borne out by the committee's findings clearly explained that no "appeasement" had taken place[5]
- In private industry like the BPO industry, Muslims have been able to do well and find employment in large numbers. However this is restricted to large companies mainly.[5]
- Muslims in Gujarat, a state that was ravaged by 2002 Gujarat riots, were indicated to be better of in terms of Education and Economic well being than the national average. Even in terms of employment Gujarat had a better share of Muslims in government jobs (5.4%) than compared to states like West Bengal (2.1%) and New Delhi (3.2%).[6]
[edit]Summary of recommendations
The report put forward some recommendations to eliminate the situation raised for Indian Muslim. Justice Sachar explained that the upliftment minorities and implementation of these recommendations would strengthen the secular fabric of Indian society as well as increase patriotism due to their all inclusive progress. The recommendation include:
- Mechanisms to ensure equity and equality of opportunity and eliminate discrimination.
- Creation of a National Data Bank (NDB) where all relevant data for various Socio Religious Communities are maintained.
- Form an autonomous Assessment and Monitoring Authority to evaluate the extent of development benefits
- An Equal Opportunity Commission should be constituted to look into the grievances of the deprived groups.
- Elimination of the anomalies with respect to reserved constituencies under the delimitation scheme.
- The idea of providing certain incentives to a diversity index should be explored to ensure equal opportunities in education, governance, private employment and housing.
- A process of evaluating the content of the school textbooks needs to be initiated and institutionalized.
- The UGC should evolve a system where part of the allocation to colleges and universities is linked to the diversity in the student population.
- Providing hostel facilities at reasonable costs for students from minorities must be taken up on a priority basis.
- The Committee recommended promoting and enhancing access to Muslims in Priority Sector Bank Advances.
- The real need is of policy initiatives that improve the participation and share of the Minorities, particularly Muslims in the business of regular commercial banks.
- The community should be represented on interview panels and Boards. The underprivileged should be helped to utilize new opportunities in its high growth phase through skill development and education.
- Provide financial and other support to initiatives built around occupations where Muslims are concentrated and have growth potential.[2][7]
[edit]Responses to the committee findings
There are different responses to the sachar committee findings from different part of India.[8][9]
[edit]Follow-up action taken
[edit]15-point minorities welfare programme
The Prime Minister has also unfolded a comprehensive 15-point programme for the welfare and empowerment of minorities.The new plan wants to help the minorities by Enhancing opportunities for education.Ensuring equitable share in economic activities and employment,Improving the conditions of living of minorities,Prevention and control of communal disharmony and violence.
[edit]Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) or "Education for All Programme", a national flagship programme to provide quality elementary education to all children in the 6 – 14 years age group through a time bound approach. Based on the data obtained from Census as well as District Information System for Education (DISE), SRI-IMRB Survey etc., the Government has made a number of interventions in SSA to help the minority (Muslim) children in education. One of the thrust areas is to ensure availability of schools in all minority concentrated districts. During 2005-06, 4624 primary and Upper primary schools, and about 31,702 Education Guarantee Scheme (EGS) Centres were sanctioned in minority concentrated districts. During 2006-07, 6918 new primary and upper primary schools have been sanctioned in minority-dominated districts. 32,250 EGS centres with a total enrolment of 120.90 lakh children have been sanctioned for 2006-07. Sanction has also been accorded for enrolment of 11.25 lakh children in Alternative & Innovative Education (AIE) during 2006-07 in these districts.
Madrasas/Makhtabs have been covered under SSA. The Madarsas affiliated to the State Madarasa Boards and satisfying certain conditions are eligible for such assistance as is available to other regular schools under SSA. So far 8309 madarsas have been assisted.
[edit]Facilities for minority girls
Free textbooks are provided to all minority girls from classes I-VIII. Urdu textbooks are provided for Urdu medium schools and for Urdu as a subject. Based on the 1981 Census, 93 districts (now 99) in 16 states have been identified for focused attention. The major focus is on the states of Bihar, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh and Assam. Out of the 1180 Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalayas (KGBV), 210 schools have been sanctioned in minority blocks, 1430 minority girls have already been enrolled in KGBVs till 31.3.06.
[edit]Minority Concentration districts
In addition to above measures, there is also a special focus on 93 districts, which was found to be having more than 20% Minority population in the 1981 census, for SSA investments in 2005-06 and 2006-07. This included other religious communities like Christians, Hindus or Sikhs living as minorities in different parts of India
Sachar Committee's recommendations in the sphere of education include a special focus on free and compulsory education; institutionalizing the process of evaluating school textbooks so that they better reflect community-specific sensitivities; setting up quality government schools, especially for girls in areas of Minority concentration; and providing priming education in Urdu or native language in areas where the language is widely in use.
[edit]Status metrics
The following table pertains to select socio-economic data regards the Muslim community in India. It must be noted that even in States and Districts where Muslims are a majority, they are discriminated by Government ministries, institutions, corporations and banks. Over 100% figure for bank accounts indicates undercount of Muslims in decadal censuses. Enrolment rate pertains to school admissions of children aged 6 through 14 years. ST stands for Scheduled Tribe. OBC stands for Other Backward Classes. MPCE stands for Monthly Per Capita Expenditure.
| Region | State / Union Territory | Share of Wakf Acreage (%) | Share of Muslims (%) | Share of purchasing power (%) | Urban MPCE (%) | Rural MPCE (%) | Urdu speakers (%) | Sex Ratio (%) | Under-5 Mortality (%) | Urbanisation (%) | Bank Accounts (%) | ST (%) | OBC (%) | Literacy (%) | Enrolment (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peninsular | Maharashtra | 16.1 | 7.4 | 16.1 | 75.0 | 96.5 | 67.3 | 88.9 | 4.2 | 70.0 | 76.4 | 0.8 | 10.8 | 78.1 | 91.0 |
| Himalayan | Uttar Pradesh | 2.6 | 22.2 | 13.7 | 75.2 | 94.4 | 43.2 | 91.8 | 36.0 | 40.0 | 0.007 | 62.0 | 47.8 | 69.4 | |
| Peninsular | Andhra Pradesh | 25.4 | 5.1 | 6.4 | 73.6 | 101.0 | 93.8 | 96.1 | 58.1 | 58.7 | 0.02 | 19.5 | 68.0 | 83.4 | |
| Peninsular | Tamil Nadu | 6.0 | 2.5 | 4.7 | 87.5 | 120.3 | 27.0 | 102.0 | 72.8 | 87.5 | 0.02 | 93.3 | 82.9 | 98.5 | |
| Peninsular | Gujarat | 1.5 | 3.3 | 5.7 | 72.6 | 103.6 | 12.0 | 93.7 | 58.7 | 83.5 | 0.2 | 32.8 | 73.5 | 78.9 | |
| Himalayan | West Bengal | 10.3 | 14.6 | 13.2 | 64.5 | 87.0 | 8.2 | 93.3 | 7.7 | 16.8 | 48.0 | 0.03 | 2.4 | 57.5 | 82.8 |
| Peninsular | Karnataka | 3.2 | 4.7 | 6.6 | 73.6 | 98.0 | 86.4 | 95.7 | 6.6 | 59.0 | 50.8 | 0.009 | 52.7 | 70.1 | 90.7 |
| Peninsular | Rajasthan | 26.8 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 72.5 | 102.2 | 13.8 | 92.9 | 12.2 | 48.4 | 88.2 | 0.08 | 55.7 | 56.6 | 77.1 |
| Peninsular | Kerala | 3.9 | 5.7 | 7.8 | 79.8 | 93.9 | 0.2 | 108.2 | 2.6 | 25.4 | 71.3 | 0.003 | 99.1 | 89.4 | 99.0 |
| Himalayan | Delhi | 1.2 | 1.9 | 74.1 | 160.6 | 54.0 | 78.2 | 96.0 | 22.2 | 21.6 | 66.6 | 95.1 | |||
| Peninsular | Madhya Pradesh | 2.8 | 2.2 | 74.9 | 103.0 | 30.8 | 92.9 | 70.0 | 129.7 | 0.2 | 48.1 | 70.3 | 88.0 | ||
| Himalayan | Haryana | 3.7 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 93.4 | 66.9 | 21.2 | 87.0 | 14.5 | 31.0 | 86.2 | 40.0 | 59.7 | ||
| Himalayan | Punjab | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 62.1 | 85.9 | 6.9 | 79.3 | 43.6 | 112.5 | 54.4 | 51.2 | 89.0 | ||
| Himalayan | Bihar | 9.9 | 4.0 | 77.0 | 95.7 | 69.2 | 94.3 | 12.4 | 52.7 | 0.1 | 63.3 | 42.0 | 65.8 | ||
| Peninsular | Orissa | 0.5 | 0.7 | 99.4 | 105.9 | 79.0 | 94.8 | 41.7 | 209.5 | 0.3 | 8.2 | 71.3 | 90.6 | ||
| Peninsular | Chattisgarh | 0.3 | 0.3 | 61.3 | 106.3 | 21.0 | 94.3 | 62.9 | 460.0 | 82.5 | 97.9 | ||||
| Himalayan | Jharkhand | 2.7 | 2.2 | 71.5 | 96.4 | 62.6 | 93.9 | 25.3 | 39.9 | 61.7 | 55.6 | 69.2 | |||
| Himalayan | Assam | 6.0 | 4.2 | 106.0 | 88.6 | 93.8 | 8.7 | 6.4 | 17.8 | 0.01 | 3.0 | 48.4 | 87.0 | ||
| Himalayan | Uttarakhand | 0.7 | 1.0 | 73.2 | 92.4 | 49.2 | 87.5 | 38.2 | 36.1 | 53.2 | 51.1 | 61.4 | |||
| Himalayan | Himachal Pradesh | 61.1 | 95.5 | 17.2 | 13.7 | 57.5 | 73.7 | ||||||||
| Himalayan | Kashmir | 4.9 | 4.5 | 88.9 | 96.4 | 0.2 | 92.7 | 6.3 | 22.1 | 47.5 | 17.1 | 47.3 | 90.6 | ||
| Peninsular | Goa | 0.006 | |||||||||||||
| Himalayan | Chandigarh | ||||||||||||||
| Himalayan | Tripura | 0.2 | |||||||||||||
| Himalayan | Meghalaya | 2.6 | |||||||||||||
| Peninsular | Pondicherry | ||||||||||||||
| Himalayan | Manipur | 0.3 | |||||||||||||
| Himalayan | Nagaland | 3.1 | |||||||||||||
| Himalayan | Arunachal Pradesh | 1.3 | |||||||||||||
| Himalayan | Mizoram | 7.4 | |||||||||||||
| Peninsular | Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 3.6 | |||||||||||||
| Himalayan | Sikkim | 0.7 | |||||||||||||
| Peninsular | Dadra and Nagar Haveli | 1.6 | |||||||||||||
| Peninsular | Daman and Diu | 1.4 | |||||||||||||
| Peninsular | Lakshadweep | 98.5 |
[edit]Responses
- Syed Shahabuddin,the former MP from Janata Dal says Sachar Committee has collected the facts and figures more than suffice. But it should have put forward some concrete resolution like Minority Reservation if needed.[10]
- Janata Dal (United) party president Sharad Yadav, a senior partner of the BJP in the NDA coalition, has strongly voiced his support and demanded quick implementation of the committee findings. He also emphasized the importance of including Dalit Muslims and Christians in the SC category.[11]
- The Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) has also urged the government to table the bill for implementing the committee findings even if an emergency session has to be called.[12]
[edit]References
Complete Sachar Report is available at http://zakatindia.org/Files/Sachar%20Report%20(Full).pdf
- ^ Complete Sachar Report http://godgraces.org/files/Muslim%20Report.pdf
- ^ a b Community on the margins
- ^ http://www.indianexpress.com/news/sachar-nails-madrasa-myth-only-4-muslim-kids-go-there/17677/0
- ^ http://zakatindia.org/Files/Sachar%20Report%20(Full).pdf
- ^ a b http://www.indianexpress.com/news/in-sachar-report-a-glimmer-of-hope-for-muslims-in-jobs-bpos-are-less-prejudiced/17611/0
- ^ "Sachar Committee : Tell-Tale Facts About Muslims In Gujarat | Sri Lk Advani'S Blog". Blog.lkadvani.in. 2010-05-17. Retrieved 2011-07-31.
- ^ Summarised Sachar Report on Status of Indian Muslims
- ^ Responses To Sachar Committee findings
- ^ Response From an M.P.
- ^ Syed Shahabuddin on Sachar Committee findings
- ^ [1][dead link]
- ^ "India Report,Breaking News India,Latest News,World Business News,Bollywood News,India". Indopia.in. Retrieved 2011-07-31.
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[edit]External links
- Muslim deprivation widespread: Sachar Committee [2]
- Appeal to Sachar Committee [3]
- Sachar Committee Report executive summary (English)
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